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Things to do in Trieste
Visitors often overlook Italy's northeast city, yet that's a mistake. Here's my guide to the best things to do in Trieste, from literature to architecture and piping hot, great coffee.
It was winter when I arrived in Trieste. The wind carried with it the whisper of sleet and the soft scent of snow. The ground sparkled with the reflections of Christmas lights in the afternoon rain and the central square was surprisingly quiet.
I was here on my Iron Route project, drawn by the role of Trieste in Churchill's speech and the borders of the Iron Curtain. Yet I discovered even more.
Recommended reading: How to Spend 10 Days in Italy and Other Handcrafted Itineraries
Use the table of contents to navigate to more useful in-depth points on each of the places. And read the middle section for the all-important background on the city and its place in the tumultuous 20th century.
Where is Trieste?
Trieste is the capital of the Friuli Venezia Giulia region in northeast Italy. It sits on the border with Slovenia and used to be the main port of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It's just a short train ride from Venice and the main connection point from Italy to Ljubljana.
Really, this is the best thing to do in this imposing yet full-of-quiet-alleyways Italian city. Start at the waterfront and follow the waterways in and back to the Adriatic. Climb hills. Meander in coffee shops without a plan at all. Look up at grand facades and out again to the sea. Walk the Molo Audace and transport yourself 200 metres over the water.
I'll sketch out more of a plan for you to guide your way, but always remember this: the best thing to do in Trieste is to explore with your feet - and with your stomach.
Inside Tip: head to the waterfront and walk around the old part of town without a plan. Coffee. Cake. Walking. All good, so good.
Combining the grandeur of Vienna with that of ancient Rome, the Piazza d'Unità d'Italia throws in one more punch: one side of the square opens entirely to the Adriatic Sea.
Inside Tip: Visit at Night
Behind me, I know that sapphire lights stud their way across the stone. Right now, though, I’m watching darkness.
Behind me, flames from an occasional car streak across the empty velvet sky, backlit by the brilliance of a long forgotten empire.
Ahead I see nothing. Black, dark, empty, silent. Just the sound of water touching the stone that leads from the Piazza d’Unita d’Italia to the edge of the Adriatic.
Mixing all the romance of Vienna's coffee shops with Dublin's literary history is the Caffe Tommaseo, a cosy spot that serves a lot of cream with its coffee.
All polished wood and cream with a smoky, old fashioned feel, it's the exact antithesis of the bright white, ceramic tiled hipster coffee bar of today.
It opened in 1830 and claims to be Trieste's oldest cafe still in operation.
Overlooking the sea and notching up an impressive pedigree of Italian creatives in its day, it's one of those literary spots I love to sit and soak up some inspiration (And cake. And coffee.)
Where to find it: Piazza Nicolò Tommaseo, 4, 34122 Trieste
The steep limestone plateau that surrounds Trieste had a grisly role in its past, as authorities purged unwanted people by throwing them into the karst.
Today, it has a happier function: as a meeting place for hiking and walking off any excess cake.
The easiest route is the Strada Napoleonica which leads to the small village of Prosecco (yes, that Prosecco, although production now takes place to the west.)
The large Grotta Gigante - or giant cave - produces stalactites and stalagmites with all the necessary razzle-dazzle, even though it lost its Guinness World Record as the world's largest show cave to another one in France.
Local tip: take bus no 4 from the centre to start the hike to Prosecco.
The Posto delle Fragole, or strawberry patch, is a restaurant, bar and cultural centre surrounded by parkland in Trieste. But it used to be the city's psychiatric hospital.
Trieste was the first Italian city to end the forced incarceration of people with mental illness and students now throng here, mingling between the buttery yellow walls. In summer, I'm told concerts take place between the rose gardens.
Top tip: bus 12 from the city centre will whiz you along to the rose gardens and park.
Besides the stunning waterfront architecture, the best thing for me about Trieste was understanding her history through her food. So much so, I wrote a whole article about Trieste cuisine in particular.
The switch from Austro-Hungary to Italy has never been more evident than on a plate.
And the most striking example, particularly if you're more used to the Italian side of the menu, is the Buffet experience.
Casual yet sacrosanct, it's a style of eating where everyone rubs shoulders with everyone else and huge hunks of ham and pork legs are sliced into mustard-rich platters. This isn't the cured, slender, parma ham world.
It's the chunky, juicy, slabs of meat with sauerkraut world. And it's delicious!
Top tip: Visit Buffet da Pepi on Via della Cassa di Risparmio, 3, 34121 Trieste for the real deal.
To add a bit of structure to your walk, head to the lighthouse or Faro della Vittoria. The 70 metre structure has all the hallmarks of empire building and glory but it's come to represent a symbol of liberty for the people who live here.
Although run by the navy, it's open to the public and promises panoramic views across to Slovenia and Croatia. A view that bound families together during the political separation.
Top tip: find the lighthouse on Gretta Hill on the foundations of Austrian fort Kressich.
You wouldn't think it to look at it, but this impressive waterway stands on the ground of reclaimed salt marshes. Built in the 18th century, the canal was a key part of reinventing the city. And while it lacks the iconic grandeur of Venice, it gains a sense of authenticity. You won't find Trieste crowded out with tourists.
Top tip: look out for the James Joyce statue
Right in the heart of Trieste lie the ruins of a Roman Theatre or the Teatro Romano. A reminder, if one were needed, that this crossroads of Europe has changed hands many times.
It's a beautiful spot for a concert or short walk around but if you're short on time, it may be one to skip (particularly if you've been to Rome lately.)
Top tip: a spot to skip if you're short on time and have recently had your fill of Roman ruins.
It's a steep old hill that leads to San Giusto Castle, as befits a spot for fortification. Even before the Romans arrived on this part of the Adriatic coast, this part of the city was involved in defence.
The current castle, built in 1468 by Austria, never needed to sully its hands with the mucky business of actual military campaigning. And so it still stands today.
Top tip: again, save your time if needs be for the coast.
And so we return to the grandeur of Trieste in Piazza della Borsa, close to Piazza d'Unità d'Italia. The columns of the Chambers of Commerce. The grand facades of the square. The pedestrian area now a mix of work, play and dreamy looks back at history.
Insider tip: Pull up a chair and have a coffee. It's not just because I'm tired. This is coffee success story "Illy's" homeland, don't you know?
Once a royal residence, Miramare Castle juts out into the Adriatic, just ten minutes by public transport from the centre of Trieste. As a mix of stern stone and whimsical swirls, it's an interesting look at the changing seat of power during the 19th and 20th centuries.
Did you know: during World War Two, New Zealand, British and American troops used the castle as military headquarters.
Cross into Slovenia and delve into one of the largest caves open to visitors in the world. I've not used this particular tour company but have heard good things about this day trip to Postojna from Trieste.
The Habsburgs (in case, like me, you never covered any of this in school) ran and oversaw an empire that stretched from Holland to the subsequent USSR and lasted for more than 600 years.
100 years after their demise, hardly anyone knows who they are. Today's grandchildren never knowing there was a Queen of England.
Trieste formed the Habsburgs’ 4th largest city, right behind Vienna, Budapest and Prague.
World War One began with the assassination of the heir to the Habsburg throne. And as World War One ended, so did the Habsburgs.
A victorious Italy moved into Trieste, Slovene names were switched to Italian and the decades that followed involved ongoing border disputes, forced Italianization, Nazi occupation, the decimation of the Jewish population and the formation of the only concentration camp on Italian soil.
Landing on the losing side once again, at the end of the Second World War, Trieste “belonged” to the Allied Forces. Its territories were split once more and within a few years it settled into the borders it uses today, snug against what used to be western Yugoslavia, and what is now 21st century Slovenia.
And, according to Churchill’s speech in 1946, at the edge of the Iron Curtain.
"From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. ” Churchill 1946
He was talking about the political divisions that had appeared in the immediate aftermath of World War Two.
Yet that border with Yugoslavia was different. The Iron Curtain with modern-day Slovenia was less, well, iron, more semi-permeable. Tough goretex rather than iron.
This article forms part of a series for #ironroute, a journey by train from Istanbul to Berlin. This took place thanks to the sponsorship, freedom and encouragement of InterRail.
Hi, I'm Abi, a doctor turned writer who's worked with Lonely Planet, the BBC, UNESCO and more. Let's travel more and think more. Find out more.
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Plenty of great insights into the history of this region. I never knew Trieste had been such an important Habsburg stronghold. I guess it really is the southern tip of the old divide of the two Europes that existed until the end of the 1980s.
One historical note. The Soviet Union may have been late into WW2 in terms of fighting with the Germans but they marched into Poland only two weeks after the Germans did, back in 1939. They ‘liberated’ the east of the country under the terms of the secret non-aggression pact between Hitler and Stalin that carved Poland up between its two giant neighbours.
Thanks, Andy, for that timely reminder about the Soviet Union’s “pre-war” activity. The history of Poland throughout the twentieth century is a fascinating subject in its own right – and obviously intextricably linked with that of both the Second World War and the Cold War. Beyond the (perhaps unanswerable) questions about why each power chose to behave as they did in Poland, I also wonder why Hitler chose to break that pact, given its catastrophic results for his own position. Then again, the Allied Forces had a number of secret pacts as well with repercussions still being felt today…The more I read, the more I want to read…
Love it Abi.
Thank you. It was a tough one to write!
Great story and I love that last photo- so much energy and excitement in it!
Thanks. Ideally, I wanted a full sweep of car headlights running across the frame but Trieste in December simply doesn’t have enough traffic!
Looks gorgeous. You definitely found a hidden gem. Love the photos :)
Trieste is absolutely beautiful. I can’t understand why it isn’t better known. Oh, well! Makes for a nice discovery…
Really educational — I love that I’m learning and being entertained at the same time. :)
What can I say? I’m a travelling geek ;)
Great info and love the night photos.
Cheers! Travel through Europe in winter rather forced me to improve my night photography ;)
Looks like a beautiful place! Not that there’s a single part of Italy that isn’t…
Venezia Mestre station tries hard to contradict you – but, yes. I’ve been lucky enough to visit Italy several times now and it is an unfairly beautiful country…
Good info on this place, great learning for my first day of 2012!
Hope it’s not too heavy going…
I will blame it on my North American citizenship but I know absolutely nothing about Slovenia, I’m really looking forward to more of your #Ironcurtain stories to fill in the gaps.
The more I travel, the more I realise how little I know about the world. I wouldn’t particularly blame North America…I suspect most people in Europe don’t know much about Slovenia…
When ever i go to Italy I always think about a few day stop in Germany but after reading this article I think I should start planning a trip there. It is just hard sometimes to try something new when you know what you like.
Well that’s why Trieste is such an interesting compromise ;) It’s in Italy yet you get a taste of several other cultures as well!
Great history, beautifully written and thought-provoking.
Thank you
Nice story Abi, and of particular interest to me as I was born in Trieste, but have lived my adult life in Sydney, Australia. Have been back to my p.o.b. many times and it certainly is a place like no other…some Triestines don’t even consider themselves Italian! One of the things I miss most is the great coffee. You CANNOT get a bad coffee in Trieste. In fact, I wrote a piece about the Trieste coffee connection for a local magazine ‘Italianicious’ this month. Hope you enjoy it.
Hi again, re above story on Trieste, here’s the link to the page above.
cheers
Hi Ambra – links tend to get stripped out to prevent spam. I’ll agree with you over the coffee, though (and the cake.) Delicious!
PS. Trieste has just been named #1 on Lonely Planet’s List of Overlooked Cities
I always knew they read my blog ;)
Have you read ‘Trieste and the Meaning of Nowhere’ by Jan Morris? She often wrote about Trieste and lists it as her favourite city.
No – or at least not yet. I will add it to my list, though as the city has such an interesting past.
Agree. It’s a great read. Jan Morris also included Trieste in her 1980 book “Destinations”(Essays from Rolling Stone).